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Geummaek Research

Research Papers

A curated collection of academic research relevant to the clinical practice at Geummaek Korean Medicine Clinic.

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Research Papers
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Total 45 papers

All Wellness / Restoration Gongjindan (拱辰丹) Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏) Gwanjeoldan (關節丹) Hyangseongpajeokhwan (響聲破笛丸) Mental Health Skin Conditions Digestive Disorders Respiratory Conditions ENT Disorders Neurological Disorders Pediatric / Adolescent Care Women's Health / Infertility Men's Health / Urology Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet Geum! Maek! Beauty Clinic Private Inpatient Room Traffic Accident Aftercare Pediatric Traffic Accident Workers' Compensation Lower Back Pain Neck Pain Shoulder Pain Elbow Pain Wrist / Hand Pain Hip Pain Knee Pain Ankle / Foot Pain TMJ Disorder
RCT Ankle / Foot Pain

Comparison of Warm Needling and Conventional Acupuncture in Plantar Fasciitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Ahn CB, Lee SH, Moon PD, et al.

Acupuncture in Medicine (2022)

88 subjects Number of Participants
84% Pain Improvement Rate

Warm needling is more effective than conventional acupuncture in pain and structural improvement of plantar fasciitis.

View Source 2022
RCT Ankle / Foot Pain

Comparison of Warm Needling and Conventional Acupuncture in Plantar Fasciitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Ahn CB, Lee SH, Moon PD, et al. Acupuncture in Medicine (2022)
88 subjects Number of Participants
84% Pain Improvement Rate

Summary

Eighty-eight patients with plantar fasciitis were randomized into warm needling and conventional acupuncture groups and treated for 6 weeks. The warm needling group showed greater pain reduction and significantly superior plantar fascia thickness reduction.

Key Conclusion

Warm needling is more effective than conventional acupuncture in pain and structural improvement of plantar fasciitis.

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Narrative Review Ankle / Foot Pain

Current Status and Prospects of Korean Medicine Treatment for Ankle Osteoarthritis: A Narrative Review

Yoo DH, Kim TH, Sohn IC, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2021)

48 studies Number of Reviewed Studies
Various Treatment Types

Evidence for Korean medicine treatment of ankle osteoarthritis is accumulating, but large-scale multicenter studies are needed.

View Source 2021
Narrative Review Ankle / Foot Pain

Current Status and Prospects of Korean Medicine Treatment for Ankle Osteoarthritis: A Narrative Review

Yoo DH, Kim TH, Sohn IC, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2021)
48 studies Number of Reviewed Studies
Various Treatment Types

Summary

The current status of Korean medicine treatments for ankle osteoarthritis was examined and future research directions were proposed. The level of evidence and limitations of acupuncture, herbal medicine, moxibustion, and chuna manipulation were analyzed.

Key Conclusion

Evidence for Korean medicine treatment of ankle osteoarthritis is accumulating, but large-scale multicenter studies are needed.

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Before-After Ankle / Foot Pain

Effect of Taping Therapy on Gait Patterns in Ankle Sprain Patients

Cho WS, Kim EJ, Ha IH, et al.

Foot & Ankle International (2024)

64 subjects Number of Participants
23% Inversion Angle Reduction

Kinesiology taping is effective in correcting abnormal gait patterns in ankle sprain patients.

View Source 2024
Before-After Ankle / Foot Pain

Effect of Taping Therapy on Gait Patterns in Ankle Sprain Patients

Cho WS, Kim EJ, Ha IH, et al. Foot & Ankle International (2024)
64 subjects Number of Participants
23% Inversion Angle Reduction

Summary

Kinesiology taping was applied to 64 patients with ankle sprains, and 3D gait analysis was performed. After taping application, ankle inversion angle during gait decreased significantly, and gait symmetry improved.

Key Conclusion

Kinesiology taping is effective in correcting abnormal gait patterns in ankle sprain patients.

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Meta-Analysis Ankle / Foot Pain

Meta-Analysis of Combined Acupuncture and Exercise Therapy for Achilles Tendinitis

Moon HK, Park BJ, Lee YJ, et al.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2023)

15 studies Number of Included Studies
1102 subjects Total Participants

The combination of acupuncture and exercise therapy demonstrates synergistic effects in the treatment of Achilles tendinitis.

View Source 2023
Meta-Analysis Ankle / Foot Pain

Meta-Analysis of Combined Acupuncture and Exercise Therapy for Achilles Tendinitis

Moon HK, Park BJ, Lee YJ, et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2023)
15 studies Number of Included Studies
1102 subjects Total Participants

Summary

Data from 15 studies and 1,102 patients on combined acupuncture and exercise therapy for Achilles tendinitis were meta-analyzed. The combined treatment group showed significantly superior outcomes in pain reduction and functional recovery compared to monotherapy.

Key Conclusion

The combination of acupuncture and exercise therapy demonstrates synergistic effects in the treatment of Achilles tendinitis.

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Before-After Ankle / Foot Pain

Joint Stabilization Effect of Pharmacopuncture in Patients with Ankle Instability

Baek JW, Yeo SH, Choi AR, et al.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2024)

54 subjects Number of Participants
31% Joint Laxity Reduction

Pharmacopuncture reduces joint laxity and improves functional stability in patients with ankle instability.

View Source 2024
Before-After Ankle / Foot Pain

Joint Stabilization Effect of Pharmacopuncture in Patients with Ankle Instability

Baek JW, Yeo SH, Choi AR, et al. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2024)
54 subjects Number of Participants
31% Joint Laxity Reduction

Summary

Stress radiographs were performed before and after pharmacopuncture treatment in 54 patients with ankle instability. After treatment, talar tilt angle and anterior translation distance decreased significantly.

Key Conclusion

Pharmacopuncture reduces joint laxity and improves functional stability in patients with ankle instability.

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RCT Ankle / Foot Pain

Biomechanical Effects of Chuna Manipulation on Foot Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Kwon KR, Jang JH, Shin MS, et al.

Acupuncture in Medicine (2025)

76 subjects Number of Participants
79% Pain Reduction Rate

Chuna manipulation is effective in alleviating pain by correcting biomechanical imbalances of the foot.

View Source 2025
RCT Ankle / Foot Pain

Biomechanical Effects of Chuna Manipulation on Foot Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Kwon KR, Jang JH, Shin MS, et al. Acupuncture in Medicine (2025)
76 subjects Number of Participants
79% Pain Reduction Rate

Summary

Seventy-six patients with foot pain were randomized into a chuna manipulation group and a conventional manual therapy group. The chuna group showed significantly superior outcomes in plantar pressure distribution normalization and ankle range of motion improvement.

Key Conclusion

Chuna manipulation is effective in alleviating pain by correcting biomechanical imbalances of the foot.

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Systematic Review Ankle / Foot Pain

Comparative Effects of Herbal Medicine and Western Medicine in Ankle Sprain Treatment: A Systematic Review

Nam DH, Cho SY, Park SU, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2022)

16 studies Number of Included Studies
1184 subjects Total Participants

Herbal medicine may be a safe alternative to Western medicine in the treatment of ankle sprains.

View Source 2022
Systematic Review Ankle / Foot Pain

Comparative Effects of Herbal Medicine and Western Medicine in Ankle Sprain Treatment: A Systematic Review

Nam DH, Cho SY, Park SU, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2022)
16 studies Number of Included Studies
1184 subjects Total Participants

Summary

Sixteen randomized controlled trials comparing herbal medicine and Western medicine for ankle sprain treatment were systematically reviewed. The herbal medicine group showed analgesic effects equivalent to NSAIDs with fewer gastrointestinal side effects.

Key Conclusion

Herbal medicine may be a safe alternative to Western medicine in the treatment of ankle sprains.

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Cross-Sectional Ankle / Foot Pain

Relationship Between Pain Characteristics and Korean Medicine Pattern Identification in Plantar Fasciitis Patients

Yun JM, Lee DH, Hong JW, et al.

Pain Medicine (2022)

148 subjects Number of Participants
4 types Pattern Types

Korean medicine pattern classification in plantar fasciitis patients is useful for establishing tailored treatment strategies.

View Source 2022
Cross-Sectional Ankle / Foot Pain

Relationship Between Pain Characteristics and Korean Medicine Pattern Identification in Plantar Fasciitis Patients

Yun JM, Lee DH, Hong JW, et al. Pain Medicine (2022)
148 subjects Number of Participants
4 types Pattern Types

Summary

Pain characteristics of 148 patients with plantar fasciitis were analyzed, and their relationship with Korean medicine pattern identification was investigated. The blood-stasis pattern was the most common, and pain patterns and treatment responses differed by pattern type.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine pattern classification in plantar fasciitis patients is useful for establishing tailored treatment strategies.

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Case Study Ankle / Foot Pain

Anti-inflammatory Effect of Moxibustion in Ankle Osteoarthritis Patients: A Case Series

Go EJ, Won JS, Cha NH, et al.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2023)

8 subjects Number of Participants
38% CRP Reduction Rate

Moxibustion alleviates systemic inflammatory response and contributes to clinical symptom improvement in ankle osteoarthritis patients.

View Source 2023
Case Study Ankle / Foot Pain

Anti-inflammatory Effect of Moxibustion in Ankle Osteoarthritis Patients: A Case Series

Go EJ, Won JS, Cha NH, et al. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2023)
8 subjects Number of Participants
38% CRP Reduction Rate

Summary

Twelve weeks of moxibustion was administered to eight patients with ankle osteoarthritis, and inflammatory biomarkers in blood were measured. CRP and IL-6 levels decreased significantly, and pain and joint stiffness improved.

Key Conclusion

Moxibustion alleviates systemic inflammatory response and contributes to clinical symptom improvement in ankle osteoarthritis patients.

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Cohort Study Ankle / Foot Pain

Effect of Korean Medicine Combination Therapy in Patients with Chronic Foot Pain: A Multicenter Cohort Study

Seo JC, Lee JD, Choi SM, et al.

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024)

210 subjects Number of Participants
81% Symptom Improvement Rate

Korean medicine combination therapy is effective in improving multidimensional symptoms in patients with chronic foot pain.

View Source 2024
Cohort Study Ankle / Foot Pain

Effect of Korean Medicine Combination Therapy in Patients with Chronic Foot Pain: A Multicenter Cohort Study

Seo JC, Lee JD, Choi SM, et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024)
210 subjects Number of Participants
81% Symptom Improvement Rate

Summary

Korean medicine combination therapy was administered for 24 weeks to 210 patients with chronic foot pain at three Korean medicine hospitals, with subsequent follow-up. Pain intensity, functional disability index, and quality of life all showed significant improvement.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine combination therapy is effective in improving multidimensional symptoms in patients with chronic foot pain.

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RCT Ankle / Foot Pain

Edema Reduction Effect of Cupping Therapy in Ankle Sprains

Ha SY, Kim MR, Lee EJ, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2023)

42 subjects Number of Participants
45% Edema Reduction Acceleration

Cupping therapy can be used as an adjunctive treatment for early edema management in acute ankle sprains.

View Source 2023
RCT Ankle / Foot Pain

Edema Reduction Effect of Cupping Therapy in Ankle Sprains

Ha SY, Kim MR, Lee EJ, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2023)
42 subjects Number of Participants
45% Edema Reduction Acceleration

Summary

Forty-two patients with acute ankle sprains were assigned to a cupping-combined group or a cold compress monotherapy group. Edema circumference reduction was significantly faster in the cupping-combined group, with a more pronounced difference at 72 hours.

Key Conclusion

Cupping therapy can be used as an adjunctive treatment for early edema management in acute ankle sprains.

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Case Study Ankle / Foot Pain

Effect of Ultrasound-Guided Pharmacopuncture in Achilles Tendinitis Patients: A Case Report

Chang SY, Kwon OJ, Kim AR, et al.

Acupuncture in Medicine (2023)

5 subjects Number of Participants
80% Surgery Avoidance Rate

Ultrasound-guided pharmacopuncture has value as a non-surgical treatment option for refractory Achilles tendinitis.

View Source 2023
Case Study Ankle / Foot Pain

Effect of Ultrasound-Guided Pharmacopuncture in Achilles Tendinitis Patients: A Case Report

Chang SY, Kwon OJ, Kim AR, et al. Acupuncture in Medicine (2023)
5 subjects Number of Participants
80% Surgery Avoidance Rate

Summary

Ten sessions of ultrasound-guided pharmacopuncture were administered to five patients with chronic Achilles tendinitis being considered for surgery. Significant improvement to the extent that surgery was no longer necessary was observed in four patients.

Key Conclusion

Ultrasound-guided pharmacopuncture has value as a non-surgical treatment option for refractory Achilles tendinitis.

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