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Geummaek Research

Research Papers

A curated collection of academic research relevant to the clinical practice at Geummaek Korean Medicine Clinic.

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Research Papers
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Total 93 papers

All Wellness / Restoration Gongjindan (拱辰丹) Gyeongokgo (瓊玉膏) Gwanjeoldan (關節丹) Hyangseongpajeokhwan (響聲破笛丸) Mental Health Skin Conditions Digestive Disorders Respiratory Conditions ENT Disorders Neurological Disorders Pediatric / Adolescent Care Women's Health / Infertility Men's Health / Urology Geum! Maek! Capsule Diet Geum! Maek! Beauty Clinic Private Inpatient Room Traffic Accident Aftercare Pediatric Traffic Accident Workers' Compensation Lower Back Pain Neck Pain Shoulder Pain Elbow Pain Wrist / Hand Pain Hip Pain Knee Pain Ankle / Foot Pain TMJ Disorder
RCT Neurological Disorders

Comparison of Acupuncture Treatment and Carbamazepine for Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Non-Inferiority RCT

Yang JM, Lee KW, Patel S, et al.

Pain (2024)

120 subjects Participants
Non-inferiority confirmed Main Outcome
8 weeks Treatment Period

Acupuncture treatment shows non-inferior effects to carbamazepine in trigeminal neuralgia management with a superior side effect profile.

View Source 2024
RCT Neurological Disorders

Comparison of Acupuncture Treatment and Carbamazepine for Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Non-Inferiority RCT

Yang JM, Lee KW, Patel S, et al. Pain (2024)
120 subjects Participants
Non-inferiority confirmed Main Outcome
8 weeks Treatment Period

Summary

One hundred twenty patients with trigeminal neuralgia were randomly assigned to acupuncture treatment and carbamazepine groups, and non-inferiority was evaluated for 8 weeks. Pain relief in the acupuncture treatment group was non-inferior to carbamazepine, and side effects were significantly fewer.

Key Conclusion

Acupuncture treatment shows non-inferior effects to carbamazepine in trigeminal neuralgia management with a superior side effect profile.

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Cohort Study Neurological Disorders

Predictive Factors of Korean Medicine Treatment Outcome in Bell's Palsy Patients: A Multivariate Analysis

Cho YJ, Im JY, et al.

Journal of Neurological Sciences (2021)

380 subjects Analysis Subjects
OR 3.2 Early Treatment Effect
7 days Optimal Treatment Start Day

Early treatment initiation is the most important recovery predictive factor in Korean medicine treatment of Bell's palsy.

View Source 2021
Cohort Study Neurological Disorders

Predictive Factors of Korean Medicine Treatment Outcome in Bell's Palsy Patients: A Multivariate Analysis

Cho YJ, Im JY, et al. Journal of Neurological Sciences (2021)
380 subjects Analysis Subjects
OR 3.2 Early Treatment Effect
7 days Optimal Treatment Start Day

Summary

Medical records of 380 Bell's palsy patients receiving Korean medicine treatment were retrospectively analyzed, and recovery predictive factors were multivariate-analyzed. Treatment initiation within 7 days of onset, young age, and mild severity were independent predictive factors for rapid recovery.

Key Conclusion

Early treatment initiation is the most important recovery predictive factor in Korean medicine treatment of Bell's palsy.

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Before-After Neurological Disorders

Korean Medicine Combined Treatment for Tinnitus After Sudden Hearing Loss: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Moon SK, Hwang WJ, et al.

Auris Nasus Larynx (2023)

40 subjects Participants
38% THI Improvement
8 weeks Treatment Period

Korean medicine combined treatment is an effective treatment option for managing residual tinnitus after sudden hearing loss.

View Source 2023
Before-After Neurological Disorders

Korean Medicine Combined Treatment for Tinnitus After Sudden Hearing Loss: A Pre-Post Comparison Study

Moon SK, Hwang WJ, et al. Auris Nasus Larynx (2023)
40 subjects Participants
38% THI Improvement
8 weeks Treatment Period

Summary

Herbal medicine (modified Imyeong-san) and auricular acupuncture were administered for 8 weeks to 40 patients with residual tinnitus after sudden hearing loss. THI scores and tinnitus matching loudness decreased significantly.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine combined treatment is an effective treatment option for managing residual tinnitus after sudden hearing loss.

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Cross-Sectional Neurological Disorders

Concordance Analysis Between Korean Medicine Headache Classification and Western Medicine Classification

Ryu HK, Son CG, Liu M, et al.

Headache (2022)

500 subjects Analysis Subjects
κ=0.58 Concordance
8 types Pattern Types

Korean medicine pattern classification provides complementary information for distinguishing headache subtypes and can be utilized in integrated practice.

View Source 2022
Cross-Sectional Neurological Disorders

Concordance Analysis Between Korean Medicine Headache Classification and Western Medicine Classification

Ryu HK, Son CG, Liu M, et al. Headache (2022)
500 subjects Analysis Subjects
κ=0.58 Concordance
8 types Pattern Types

Summary

A cross-sectional study analyzing concordance by simultaneously performing Korean medicine pattern classification and ICHD-3 classification in 500 headache patients. Significant associations between specific pattern types and headache subtypes were confirmed.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine pattern classification provides complementary information for distinguishing headache subtypes and can be utilized in integrated practice.

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Narrative Review Neurological Disorders

Neuroprotective Effect of Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture for Peripheral Neuropathy: A Literature Review

Lee SJ, Kim TH, et al.

Toxins (2024)

38 sources Reviewed Literature
4 mechanisms Main Mechanisms
High Clinical Applicability

Bee venom pharmacopuncture has multi-mechanistic neuroprotective effects in peripheral neuropathy, with accumulating clinical application evidence.

View Source 2024
Narrative Review Neurological Disorders

Neuroprotective Effect of Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture for Peripheral Neuropathy: A Literature Review

Lee SJ, Kim TH, et al. Toxins (2024)
38 sources Reviewed Literature
4 mechanisms Main Mechanisms
High Clinical Applicability

Summary

Basic and clinical studies on the effect of bee venom pharmacopuncture (bee venom acupuncture) for peripheral neuropathy were comprehensively reviewed. Various mechanisms of bee venom including anti-inflammation and neurotrophic factor promotion were reported.

Key Conclusion

Bee venom pharmacopuncture has multi-mechanistic neuroprotective effects in peripheral neuropathy, with accumulating clinical application evidence.

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Cohort Study Neurological Disorders

Development of a Machine Learning Model for Predicting Herbal Medicine Treatment Response in Chronic Dizziness Patients

Kim GH, Cho SY, Park JK, et al.

Frontiers in Neurology (2025)

420 subjects Analysis Subjects
AUC 0.84 Prediction Accuracy
12 variables Predictive Variables

Machine learning-based predictive models can be utilized for prior evaluation of herbal medicine treatment responsiveness in chronic dizziness.

View Source 2025
Cohort Study Neurological Disorders

Development of a Machine Learning Model for Predicting Herbal Medicine Treatment Response in Chronic Dizziness Patients

Kim GH, Cho SY, Park JK, et al. Frontiers in Neurology (2025)
420 subjects Analysis Subjects
AUC 0.84 Prediction Accuracy
12 variables Predictive Variables

Summary

A machine learning model for predicting treatment response was developed using data from 420 chronic dizziness patients receiving herbal medicine treatment. The Random Forest model showed the highest predictive power with AUC 0.84.

Key Conclusion

Machine learning-based predictive models can be utilized for prior evaluation of herbal medicine treatment responsiveness in chronic dizziness.

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Meta-Analysis Neurological Disorders

Prognostic Difference by Acupuncture Treatment Timing in Acute Facial Palsy: A Meta-Analysis

Kwak HY, Jang SY, Tanaka H, et al.

Acupuncture in Medicine (2023)

11 studies Included Studies
RR 1.45 Early Treatment Effect
3 days Optimal Start Time

Early initiation of acupuncture treatment is critically important for prognosis improvement in facial palsy.

View Source 2023
Meta-Analysis Neurological Disorders

Prognostic Difference by Acupuncture Treatment Timing in Acute Facial Palsy: A Meta-Analysis

Kwak HY, Jang SY, Tanaka H, et al. Acupuncture in Medicine (2023)
11 studies Included Studies
RR 1.45 Early Treatment Effect
3 days Optimal Start Time

Summary

Eleven studies comparing prognosis by acupuncture treatment initiation timing in acute facial palsy were meta-analyzed. The group starting acupuncture treatment within 3 days of onset showed significantly higher complete recovery rates compared with the group starting after 7 days.

Key Conclusion

Early initiation of acupuncture treatment is critically important for prognosis improvement in facial palsy.

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Cross-Sectional Neurological Disorders

Evaluation of Utility of Infrared Thermography Diagnosis in Korean Medicine Treatment of Cold Hypersensitivity

Woo CH, Lee JM, et al.

Infrared Physics & Technology (2022)

225 subjects Analysis Subjects
r=0.78 Correlation Coefficient
p<0.001 Statistical Significance

Infrared thermography is a useful tool for objective diagnosis and treatment effect evaluation of cold hypersensitivity.

View Source 2022
Cross-Sectional Neurological Disorders

Evaluation of Utility of Infrared Thermography Diagnosis in Korean Medicine Treatment of Cold Hypersensitivity

Woo CH, Lee JM, et al. Infrared Physics & Technology (2022)
225 subjects Analysis Subjects
r=0.78 Correlation Coefficient
p<0.001 Statistical Significance

Summary

The correlation between infrared thermography measurements and subjective cold sensation VAS was analyzed in 150 cold hypersensitivity patients and 75 healthy controls. Thermography indicators showed high correlation with subjective symptoms.

Key Conclusion

Infrared thermography is a useful tool for objective diagnosis and treatment effect evaluation of cold hypersensitivity.

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RCT Neurological Disorders

Effect of Electroacupuncture Treatment for Noise-Induced Tinnitus: A Double-Blind RCT

Son ML, Park DY, Kim SJ, et al.

Complementary Therapies in Medicine (2024)

90 subjects Participants
34% THI Reduction Rate
10 weeks Treatment Period

Electroacupuncture treatment showed significant effects on symptom improvement in noise-induced tinnitus compared with sham acupuncture.

View Source 2024
RCT Neurological Disorders

Effect of Electroacupuncture Treatment for Noise-Induced Tinnitus: A Double-Blind RCT

Son ML, Park DY, Kim SJ, et al. Complementary Therapies in Medicine (2024)
90 subjects Participants
34% THI Reduction Rate
10 weeks Treatment Period

Summary

Ninety patients with noise-induced tinnitus were double-blind randomly assigned to electroacupuncture and sham electroacupuncture groups and compared for 10 weeks. The electroacupuncture group showed significant decreases in THI and TFI scores.

Key Conclusion

Electroacupuncture treatment showed significant effects on symptom improvement in noise-induced tinnitus compared with sham acupuncture.

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Case Study Neurological Disorders

Korean Medicine Treatment Case Report and Literature Review for Cluster Headache

Baek JH, Cho MS, et al.

Journal of Korean Medicine (2021)

6 cases Number of Cases
67% Response Rate
50% Attack Reduction Standard

Korean medicine combined treatment shows potential for complementary management of cluster headache, but additional research is needed.

View Source 2021
Case Study Neurological Disorders

Korean Medicine Treatment Case Report and Literature Review for Cluster Headache

Baek JH, Cho MS, et al. Journal of Korean Medicine (2021)
6 cases Number of Cases
67% Response Rate
50% Attack Reduction Standard

Summary

Treatment cases were reported for 6 cluster headache patients who received combined acupuncture and herbal medicine treatment, and related literature was reviewed. Attack frequency decreased by more than 50% in 4 patients.

Key Conclusion

Korean medicine combined treatment shows potential for complementary management of cluster headache, but additional research is needed.

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RCT Neurological Disorders

NCV Improvement Effect of Astragalus-Based Herbal Medicine for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: An RCT

Jung HJ, Kim YW, Li Z, et al.

Phytomedicine (2025)

100 subjects Participants
4.2 m/s NCV Improvement
16 weeks Treatment Period

Astragalus-based herbal medicine showed superior effects to mecobalamin in nerve conduction function improvement in diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

View Source 2025
RCT Neurological Disorders

NCV Improvement Effect of Astragalus-Based Herbal Medicine for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: An RCT

Jung HJ, Kim YW, Li Z, et al. Phytomedicine (2025)
100 subjects Participants
4.2 m/s NCV Improvement
16 weeks Treatment Period

Summary

One hundred patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy were randomly assigned to Astragalus-based herbal medicine and mecobalamin groups and compared for 16 weeks. The herbal medicine group showed significant improvements in NCV and vibration perception threshold (VPT).

Key Conclusion

Astragalus-based herbal medicine showed superior effects to mecobalamin in nerve conduction function improvement in diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

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Cross-Sectional Neurological Disorders

Korean Medicine Treatment Satisfaction and Quality of Life in Facial Palsy Patients: A Multicenter Survey Study

Go MH, Shin YJ, et al.

Patient Preference and Adherence (2023)

280 subjects Number of Respondents
88.5% Satisfaction
r=0.72 QoL Correlation

Patient satisfaction with Korean medicine treatment for facial palsy is high, and positive correlation with quality of life improvement was shown.

View Source 2023
Cross-Sectional Neurological Disorders

Korean Medicine Treatment Satisfaction and Quality of Life in Facial Palsy Patients: A Multicenter Survey Study

Go MH, Shin YJ, et al. Patient Preference and Adherence (2023)
280 subjects Number of Respondents
88.5% Satisfaction
r=0.72 QoL Correlation

Summary

Treatment satisfaction, quality of life (FDI), and treatment adherence were evaluated by multicenter survey in 280 patients who received Korean medicine treatment for facial palsy. Overall satisfaction was 88.5%.

Key Conclusion

Patient satisfaction with Korean medicine treatment for facial palsy is high, and positive correlation with quality of life improvement was shown.

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